The decay of stably stratified grid turbulence in a viscosity-affected stratified flow regime
T. Watanabe, Y. Zheng, K. Nagata
The decay of stably stratified grid turbulence in a viscosity-affected stratified flow regime
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 946 A29 2022
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Abstract
The decay of stably stratified turbulence generated by a towed rake of vertical plates is investigated by direct numerical simulations (DNS) of temporally evolving grid turbulence in a linearly stratified fluid. The Reynolds number ReM=U0M/ν is 5000 or 10 000 while the Froude number FrM=U0/MN is between 0.1 and 6 (U0: towing speed; M: mesh size; ν: kinematic viscosity; N: Brunt–Väisälä frequency). The DNS results are compared with the theory of stably stratified axisymmetric Saffman turbulence. Here, the theory is extended to a viscosity-affected stratified flow regime with low buoyancy Reynolds number Reb, and power laws are derived for the temporal variations of the horizontal velocity scale (UH) and the horizontal and vertical integral length scales (LH and LV). Temporal grid turbulence initialized with the mean velocity deficit of wakes exhibits a k^2 energy spectrum at a low-wavenumber range and invariance of UH^2LH^2LV, which are the signatures of axisymmetric Saffman turbulence. The decay of various quantities follows the power laws predicted for low-Reb Saffman turbulence when FrM is sufficiently small. However, the decay of U2H at FrM=6 is no longer expressed by a power law with a constant exponent. This behaviour is related to the scaling of kinetic energy dissipation rate ε, for which α=ε/(UH^3/LH) is constant during the decay for FrM≤1 while it varies with time for FrM=6. We also examine the experimental data of towed-grid experiments by Praud et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 522, 2005, pp. 1–33), which is shown to agree with the theory of low-Reb Saffman turbulence.
日本語訳 (DeepL翻訳)
粘性成層流領域における安定成層中の格子乱流の減衰について
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